مؤسسة الشرق الأوسط للنشر العلمي
عادةً ما يتم الرد في غضون خمس دقائق
Abstract
The use of beaches for recreation is a widespread activity for many people globally. For many years there have been concerns over public health for those visiting beaches. Bathing in coastal waters polluted with fecal contamination is estimated to cause more than 120 million cases of gastrointestinal illness and 50 million cases of respiratory disease around the world. The variety of diseases associated with beaches contaminated with fecal pathogens can come from a large variety of pathogens. Pathogens include various types of bacteria, viruses, protozoan parasites, and other organisms. Pathogen sources are also numerous and complex. Sources can be defined as point and non-point (diffuse) sources. Known sources include wastewater treatment facilities, combined sewer overflow, agricultural runoff, leaky septic tanks, urban runoff, boat discharge, local animal populations, and others. The most common indicator bacteria in use today are E. coli and Enterococci. It is important to distinguish the use of these two bacteria from other bacterial groups that could be used